Paraeducator Role in the Inclusive Classroom free essay sample

Along these lines, para might be viewed as a basic part of free proper instruction (FAPE) which each understudy with incapacities is qualified for get (Etscheidt, 2005). Over the previous decade, the utilization of paraeducators has expanded as the quantity of understudies with extreme handicaps who have been remembered for general instruction classes has risen. Numerous educators see the paraeducator as fundamental help required for the understudy to encounter effective incorporation (Giangreco, 2003; Giangreco Doyle, 2002). Paraeducators are alluded to from numerous points of view: one-on-one, paraprofessional, extra grown-up right hand (AAA), teacher’s colleague, paraeducator, helper, singular collaborator. Despite title, these people have become a significant piece of our schools (Giangreco, Edelman Broar, 2001), helping the study hall instructors and giving increasingly singular help to understudies. With the end goal of this paper, the term para will be utilized. Understudies with handicaps who are remembered for general training classes keep on accepting custom curriculum guidance from a specialized curriculum instructor. We will compose a custom article test on Paraeducator Role in the Inclusive Classroom or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In any case, presently the custom curriculum educator no longer invests energy with the understudy each day of consistently. It is presently the general instruction instructor who goes through the vast majority of the day with the understudy, alongside 20-30 different understudies in the class. The general instruction educator frequently has close to nothing if any specialized curriculum preparing and in this manner, paraeducators regularly go through the vast majority of their day with the understudy, and in this manner, is regularly seen as the individual answerable for the student’s achievement and disappointments. There have been numerous irregularities with respect to the idea of the job, obligations and duties of paraeducators (Etscheidt, 2005) in the comprehensive class. This paper will address the disarray encompassing what the paraeducator’s job ought to be in a comprehensive homeroom, as tended to by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and as saw by experts and guardians who bolster understudies with inabilities. People with Disabilities Education Act and the Paraeducator In 1982, in Hendrick Hudson District Board of Education v. Rowley, the Supreme Court characterized suitable training as giving understudies incapacities with â€Å"access to specific guidance and related administrations which are exclusively intended to give instructive benefit† (p. 3048). As the years advanced, the definition was extended and portrays instructive advantage as being scholastic as well as including non-scholarly advantage, for example, socialization and confidence issues (Etscheidt, 2005). Both IDEA 1997 and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) 2004 talk about the job of the paraeducator in an extremely broad, vague way. Under staff gauges, IDEA 1997 states: â€Å"Allow paraprofessionals and partners who are properly prepared and administered, as per State law, guidelines, or composed strategy, in meeting the prerequisites of this part to be utilized to aid the arrangement of a specialized curriculum and related administrations to kids with handicaps under this part†. 20 U. S. C. 1412(a)(15)(B)(iii) (Giangreco Doyle, 2002) It at that point proceeds and determines: â€Å"persons who work legitimately under the oversight of authorized experts and who regularly convey instructional and direct administrations to understudies and their parents† (GESSLER WERTS, ET AL. , 2004, p. 232). The jobs of the para depicted in the law differ to some degree and just express that they should help with offering a wide range of assistance, and that they ought to be prepared and regulated by qualified experts (Giangreco, 2003) IDEIA 004 doesn't characterize the paraeducator’s job unmistakably either. It portrays the job as â€Å"assisting in the arrangement of a custom curriculum and related services†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. [[Page 118-119 STAT. 2686]] despite the fact that IDIEA 2004 proceeds and expresses that in addition to other things, the instruction framework ought to likewise incorporate : (8) A far reaching arrangement of faculty advancement, including the preparation of paraprofessionals and the preparation of essential referral sources concerning the fundamental segments of early mediation administrations accessible in the State that†(A) will incorporate I) actualizing inventive procedures and exercises for the enrollment and maintenance of early training specialist organizations; (ii) advancing the planning of early intercession suppliers who are completely and properly qualified† (IDEIA ’04) These definitions bring up various issues, for example, who do they help understudies or the staff? It appears that there are no limits in the law clarifying what paraeducators can do. Numerous understudies with serious inabilities likewise have medicinal services needs. Does this likewise fall inside the area of the paraeducator’s obligation? We can frequently discover (compose officially third individual †not first) paraeducators satisfying different jobs which may include: administrative undertakings †duplicating, removing, preparing materials; instructional errands †mentoring, assisting with assignments, following-up guidance; individual consideration assignments; showing social abilities; encourage peer communications; overseeing student’s conduct, and so on. (GIANGRECO, YUAN, MCKENZIE, CAMERON FIALKA, 2005 ). What is the Role of the Paraeducator? include a greater amount of your self, what do I know, and afterward bolster it with references) Paraeducators, educators, and regulatory faculty concur that the instructors convey the obligation regarding guidance and scholarly arranging General training instructors, guardians, authoritative work force and even paraeducators have various perspectives regarding what the paraeducator’s job ought to remember for the comprehensive study hall. Paraeducators’ Views Paraeducators are regularly the fundamental help for understudies with handicaps in a comprehensive study hall, working under the management of the study hall instructor, and at times likewise helping other people in the study hall (GESSLER WERTS, ET AL. , 2004). In an examination led by Marks, et al. 999, four principle reasons were given by paraeducators with respect to why they feel that they are required in the general training homerooms: (1) To ensure the understudy isn't a weight on the instructor †some paraeducator felt that their exhibition is decided based on the amount they can support the educators, how effective they are in keeping the understudy out of the teacher’s way, in this manner ensuring that he/she isn't a weight on the instructor, and ensuring that the student’s conduct is leveled out so they don't cause an aggravation in the class. 2) To meet the student’s scholastic needs †the job of numerous paraeducators appears to appear as a guide, of assuming liability for alterations. Many have said that it is simpler to set up the materials themselves as opposed to keep after the educators to set them up. (3) To fill in as a channel for correspondence between the staff of the school, the understudy, extra backings and their family †Many paraeducators announced that since they were the one individual who was with the understudy throughout the day, instructors and guardians would regularly pass messages to one another through the paraeducator. This is regardless of the way that paraeducators are not liable for refreshing the guardians or different experts about the understudy (GESSLER WERTS, ET AL. , 2004). Right around 1 out of each 4 paraeducators detailed that they were responsible for transmitting data to guardians (French, 2001), and huge numbers of the paraeducators find that they are the chief contact between understudies with handicaps and their friends and instructors in comprehensive settings, just as being the fundamental grown-up with which the understudies with incapacities interact with (Young Simpson, 1997 ). 4) To speak to effective incorporation †paraeducators regularly wind up with the assessment that they need to advocate consideration and to safeguard their understudies and their arrangement when all is said in done instruction. Numerous paraeducators revealed that they accept the job of being answerable for the scholastic and conduct needs of understudies with inabilities in general instruction se tting essentially so as to ensure that both the instructors and understudies have a positive encounter (Etscheidt, 2005). While all paraeducators are in understanding that their help is basic for giving access to the educational program to numerous understudies while helping the educator (Giangreco, 2003), a considerable lot of them announced that they are frequently befuddled about what the general training instructors anticipate from them (Wadsworth Knight, 1996). This inclination is particularly pervasive in center and secondary school, where understudies have various instructors for various subjects. The writing shows that paraeducators frequently accept an assortment of jobs: scholastic and social abilities guidance; changes; dealing with the student’s conduct; creating working associations with others (Marks, et al. 1999) (Young Simpson, 1997 ) (Giangreco Doyle, 2002) (Etscheidt, 2005); giving individual/individual consideration, assuming restrictive liability for them; break room, transport and play area (unstructured exercises) oversight (FRENCH, 2001); Paraeducators are additionally liable for students’ security.

Jhonsan&jhonsan case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Jhonsan&jhonsan - Case Study Example Johnson and Johnson has utilized the enhancement procedure for worldwide extension and increasing progressively upper hand in the market. It has created more than 200 organizations over the globe and sent 120,000 representatives in these organizations (Award, 2010). The corporate methodology targets improving the Johnson and Johnson’s structure through legitimate hierarchical plan. The plan has prompted the definition of a decentralized divisional structure which has supported the correct progression of data. It has additionally improved working connections among exercises and practical office. Besides, the decentralized divisional structure has permitted various partners with various abilities to unite various innovations and items. This has prompted fulfilling the neglected needs of clients (Award, 2010). Cooperative energy has helped the Johnson and Johnson to obtain supportable upper hand. The CEO Weldon has concocted a decentralized divisional structure to encourage collaboration. He has utilized the structure in evaluating outside condition to distinguish various powers. The first is segment that decide how populace development have influenced request of Johnson and Johnson’s items not just across New Brunswick, USA, and New Jersey yet in addition in 60 nations in the globe. The subsequent one is socio-social factor that look at social issues, for example, destitution that influence the buying intensity of Johnson and Johnson’s items by the individuals in the globe (Award, 2010). The third one is mechanical factor which decides the accessible human services innovation, for example, Cougar Biotechnology and bosom embed producer. The following element is political which looks at the necessity that neighborhood and national specialists expect Johnson and Johnson to meet in providing and dealing with medicinal services items. The last one is monetary elements that uncover how money varies and how it might influence the expenses of

Guillermo del Toro Books A Reading Pathway

Guillermo del Toro Books A Reading Pathway In case youve been living under a rock, let me recap: Guillermo del Toro directed 2018s Best Picture awardâ€"winner,  The Shape of Water.  He has also directed famous films  Pans Labyrinth, Devils Backbone, Pacific Rim, Cronos,  and  Hellboy.  But you may have just found out that del Toro is an author as well, so below is a reading pathway of Guillermo del Toro books! Hes written several, been the subject of a few, and been inspired by manyâ€"all of which are worth reading because they were the stimuli for the iconic films that we have grown to love. At Home with Monsters: Inside His Films, Notebooks, and Collections  by  Britt Salvesen and  Jim Shedden I recommend starting with this book, especially if you are only familiar with Del Toros films. This book isnt quite an autobiography, but it does go into great detail about the directors inspirations for his monster movies and where he draws parallels among many genres. At Home  is one of two Guillermo del Toro books that is filled with photographs of the home that he has turned into a monster museum, too. He calls it Bleak House, after the Charles Dickens novel by the same name. The pictures alone make this book worth reading, thoughâ€"its so fun to see wax figures of Edgar Allen Poe and H.P. Lovecraft, paintings that inspired entire scenes in del Toros films, and even some original monster sketches by legends like H.R. Giger. This volume itself looks like it could be an artifact in  Bleak House. The hardback looks equal parts tooled leather and like the cover of the steampunk classic  20,000 Leagues Under the Sea  by Jules Verne. This book contains essays about the evolution of the monster in film and culture, which are fascinating, and it also has an interview with del Toro about his inspirations, as well.  At Home  also recommends Guillermo del Toro books that, while not written by him or about him, definitely influenced the genius that we now recognize. Cabinet of Curiosities: My Notebooks, Collections, and Other Obsessions by Guillermo Del Toro Cabinet of Curiosities  is very similar to  At Home  in that both are full of gorgeous images. The key difference is that this text was written by Del Toro himself about his creative process, rather than the artifacts that inspire him. Its the natural progression of the pathway: after seeing masterpieces of finished products, I always like to look at the works that inspired the artist. Next, I like to see how they went from inspiration to finished product. This book bridges the gap. The several sections in this book span from his collections (in brief) to his notebooks to his unfinished products (fangirling hard, fanning myself with my palm, swooning, regrouping, back to typing). The Strain series  by Guillermo del Toro, David Lapham, and Mike Huddleston This title may be most familiar to you from the FX adaptation of this trilogy into its television series of the same name. The premise (devised by Guillermo Del Toro) takes a spin on the horror sub-genre of vampirism as a viral outbreak. This is one of several Guillermo del Toro books conceptualized by the visionary himself, which means that we get to see it in several forms, both novel and visual, which is always exciting to me. Especially when the creator of the idea is involved in all versions. Hellboy  by Mike Mignola We are most familiar with the film adaptation, but this series of graphic novels was the inspiration for the on-screen characters that we love. This text also bears one of Del Toros trademarks in monster movies: those that present as evil on the outside are seldom also evil in drive. Hellboy as we know him looks monstrous, for sure, but he ultimately is trying to save the world. The essays and interview in  At Home with Monsters  elaborates on this relationship, too. Trollhunters  by Guillermo del Toro and Daniel Kraus This illustrated novel talks about fears that move in unseen places. Jim, our protagonist, learns of his troll-hunting legacy after being pulled under the bed one night. Like  The Strain,  this is one of Guillermo Del Toro books that  has also been adapted into film. You can watch the animated series, directed by Del Toro, on Netflix. the Shape of Water  by Guillermo del toro and Daniel Kraus The Oscar-winning film is now also a compelling novelization about an unusual love story between a monster and a human. If you loved the movieâ€" and nearly everyone doesâ€"you want to go deeper into the romance of Eliza and the Amphibious Man. (This is the second collaboration between Kraus and Del Toro, so if you like this book, be sure to check out  Trollhunters,  too!) Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark  by Alvin Schwartz and Stephen Gammell Im not really confident in your childhood experiences if you never read any of these books. Theyre in the process of being adapted to screen, as well, and although Del Toro will not be directing them, he co-wrote the screenplay and is co-producing the adaptation itself. This collection is definitely worth a read if you are unfamiliarâ€"or even if you  are  familiar, revisiting these stories as an adult is almost equally as harrowing. Plus, arent you thrilled to see what kind of fever dream shows up when adapting Stephen Gammells illustrations? I know I am! What are some of your favorite Guillermo Del Toro books? Let us know in the comments! Sign up to Swords Spaceships to  receive news and recommendations from the world of science fiction and fantasy. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Essay about Restorative Justice and the Criminal Justice...

Restorative Justice 1 Running Head: RESTORATIVE JUSTICE Restorative Justice and the Criminal Justice System Jeffrey A. McGhee PSF5002 Survey of Public Safety Issues, Theory and Concepts 501 West Northern Parkway Baltimore, Maryland 21210 Telephone: 410-323-7452 Email: jmcghee6@gmail.com Instructor: Kenneth Szymkowiak Restorative Justice 2 The modern field of restorative justice developed in the 1970’s from case experiments in several communities with a proportionately sizable Mennonite population. Mennonites and other practitioners in Ontario, Canada, and later in Indiana, experimented with victim offender encounters that led to programs in these communities and later became models for programs throughout the†¦show more content†¦The courts functions are broken down into prosecutors, judges and magistrates. The prosecutors file charges or petitions for adjudication, seek indictments, drop cases and reduce charges. Restorative Justice 4 The judges and magistrates set bail or conditions for release, accept pleas, determine delinquency, dismiss charges, impose sentences, and revoke probation (Overview, 2008). The corrections components are correctional officials and paroling authorities. Correction officials assign to type of correctional facility, award privileges, and punish for disciplinary infractions. The paroling authorities determine date and conditions of parole and revoke parole. Corrections are a primary function of the state and government (Overview, 2008). Throughout the United States the criminal justice system is in a state of crisis. The public is fearful and angry. Practitioners are weary and frustrated. Criminal justice policy is driven more by anecdote than systematic information. Costs of current policies are not sustainable over long periods. Victims are often re-victimized in the process. The widespread sense of dissatisfaction has caused a fundamental rethinking of our criminal justice s ystem and the formulation of an alternative approach to [ (Criminal Justice Overview) ]criminal justice called restorative justice [ (Pranis, Building Community Support for Restorative Justice: Principles andShow MoreRelatedRestorative Justice : The Criminal Justice System987 Words   |  4 Pagesconcept in the criminal justice arena, restorative justice has become a popular tool in the fields of both victimology and criminology (Doble Greene, 2000). According to Doble Greene, (2000) Restorative justice has been defined as: â€Å"A theory of justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused or revealed by criminal behavior. It is best accomplished through cooperative processes that include all stakeholders.† Unlike the traditional criminal justice system, restorative justice main focus isRead MoreRestorative Justice And The Criminal Justice System2380 Words   |  10 PagesTo What Extent Should Restorative Justice be incorporated within the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales? (2500 words) This essay will look into the notion of restorative justice and its relationship with the criminal justice system in England and Wales. Furthermore, it will also seek to show the extent of the relationship that the two hold. I believe that although some academics have provided research on the potential benefits regarding young offenders (Katz, 2000), there are still fundamentalRead MoreRestorative Justice Is A System Of Criminal Justice1948 Words   |  8 PagesRestorative justice is a system of criminal justice that focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community at large. Understanding the definition may be really hard to understand, however when we put it in a different form that many can understand it comes down to repair, encounter and transformation. Our book describes restorative justice in three parts as accountability, community protection and competency development (Sieh, 2006). AccountabilityRead MoreRestorative Justice vs. the Criminal Justice System965 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Restorative justice is a humanistic way of addressing the gap that exists between constructive resolution of crime and the institutional systems devised by societies to address crime and manage criminals. The tack that restorative justice takes is to ameliorate the impact of crime on victims and other individuals, and to establish a responsive model of crime prevention and response to criminal incidents. Conventional criminal justice relies on the threat of punishment in order toRead MoreRestorative Justice And The Justice System1044 Words   |  5 PagesRestorative justice has can be seen to have multiple definitions among the most used are: A) a theory of justice that focuses on repairing the harm caused by criminal behavior and B) an approach of justice that aims to satisfy the needs of the victims and offenders, as well as the entire community. The most broadly accepted definition of restorative justice, however, is a process where all the parties that have equal power in a specific offense and collectively come to a solution on how to deal withRead MoreRestorative Justice Is A Cost Effective Way Of Dealing With Crimes Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Restorative justice is an option to the formal criminal justice system which emphasizes repairing the harm caused by criminal behavior. It can build the criminal law’s moral reliability and validity, which in turn will give the law the ability to gain compliance 377 (Elias., 2016). Although Restorative Justice has many benefits, it is not for everyone in every circumstance. In this research paper, I will be arguing that restorative justice is a cost-effective way of dealing with crimesRead MoreCriminal Law, Questions and Answers 1284 Words   |  5 Pages1 Introduction Restorative justice as a whole is not gaining support in South Africa as the majority of our country is in favour of the punitive system in order to combat the high levels of crime. However, there are several areas of criminal law that has received increasing support for restorative justice as opposed to our current system, such as when dealing with youth offenders. Despite the harsh criticism of restorative justice, it has received judicial recognition in a number of cases recentlyRead MoreLeadership And Management Of Restorative Justice1193 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership and Management of Restorative Justice To address the increasing recidivism rate among offenders in the juvenile and adult criminal justice system, comprehensive restorative justice programs should expand to a much wider faction of the United States criminal justice system. Programs should be implemented on federal, state, and local levels to effectively and efficiently achieve this goal. The goals that should be strived for must be kept in mind so that adequate progress can be made andRead MoreRESTORATIVE JUSTICE1036 Words   |  5 Pages Restorative Justice Introduction to Criminal Court Systems - CJA 224 January 20, 2014 Michael S. Hudson Restorative Justice Other than the conventional Criminal Justice process there is a new way to handle crime called the Restorative Justice program. This program exists only in certain cities throughout the United States. The Restorative Justice program has the purpose to reduce crime. This program has many steps, and during the course of the process hasRead MoreRestorative Justice: Reconciliation of Society, the Victim and the Offender1335 Words   |  6 Pagescharacteristic of restorative justice- to reconcile society, the victim and the offender- but also to rehabilitate the offender so that he is no longer an â€Å"enemy† of the criminal justice system. This form of justice is gaining support in South Africa; however there are limitations to this form of justice which also in turn limit its success in the future. Restorative justice alone is definitely not a method of justice which we can adopt but it may be possible that this form of justice can help if it

The Socio Political And Economic Effects Of Colonialism On...

The ramifications of the socio-political and economic effects of colonialism on African women have stunted African development. The economic impact of colonial rule led to a further decrease in significance and power held by women in society. This is greatly linked to agriculture, in the form of land alienation. Women were seen as major food producers in countries such as Kenya, for example, the Kikuyu women, and had access and authority over the cultivation of crops and land. Integral to women’s prominence in society was the productive labour that they provided. With Colonial rule many women loss access to land and become economically dependent on men, women were excluded from private ownership of land. In addition to economic dependency these women also faced strengthened patriarchy in the home, a consequence of the adaptation of European ideology. The introduction of wage labour also negatively impacted African women. With the introduction of European plantations women and children were in some cases legislatively bound to provide labour. Women and children were instrumental to the success of the Rungwi tea industry as well as the Mbosi coffee industry. Not only did this deter women from their day-to-day economic activities, and consequently, had negative impacts on the market but subjected women to sexual abuse from European as well as African men on the plantations. The African men were deterred from traditional African responsibilities or peasantShow MoreRelated Colonialism in the Caribbean Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesColonialism in the Caribbean Although Michelle Cliff, Antonio Benitez- Rojo, and Sidney Mintz all discuss the Caribbean in their writings they all have very distinct perspectives. 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Beginning in the fifteenth century and playing out until the nineteenth century, colonialism and neo-imperialism by means of the Euro-Atlantic economy’s authority, played a major part in the spread of western culture. For example, even after decolonizing and becoming their own countries with their own governance, many former-colonies adopted aspects of western politics, even if they firmly opposed other aspectsRead MoreStructural Adjustment Programs And Its Impact On Ghana s Human Development2653 Words   |  11 Pageswhen develope d nations flourished through the exploitation of the global south, creating a structure that places developed nations as the key players of the world. Although colonialism came to an end just after the Second World War, it gave birth to a new system called neoliberalism, which encompasses a new form of colonialism. 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Nowhere is this more evident th an in The Joys of MotherhoodRead MoreEast African Culture Reflects on Their Drama Using Aminata, Echoes of Silence and I Will Marry When I Want as Case Study12168 Words   |  49 PagesEKITI STATE UNIVERSITY ADO - EKITI FACULTY OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH AND LITERARY STUDIES AN ASSIGNMENT ON: ELS 226 (MODERN AFRICAN DRAMA) SUBMITTED BY : GROUP 4 QUESTION: THE CULTURE OF THE PEOPLE DETERMINES ITS DRAMA. DISCUSS THE EAST AFRICAN EXPERIENCE AS EXEMPLIFY IN FRANCES LIMBULGA’S AMMATA, NGUGI WA THIONGO’ S I WILL MARRY WHEN I WANT AND JOHN RUGANDA’S ECHOES OF SILENCE. LECTURER-IN-CHARGE: DR OLANIYAN MRS LIST OF GROUP MEMBERS. OGUNFEIBO AYOKUNLE O 1002630 IBITOYE

The Minimum Drinking Age Act - 1490 Words

On July 17th, 1984, President Reagan passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (1). This meant that in order to purchase and publicly posses alcohol, one must be twenty-one years old (1). Today, many push for a reversion back to a drinking age of eighteen years old. The reasons on both sides are many, and all of them will be explored and diagnosed. As the reasons pile on, though, it will become clear that the drinking age should return to eighteen. The first reason that the drinking age should be lowered, and possibly the most obvious, is that an eighteen-year-old has the right to vote and serve in the military. If you are of the mental capacity to decide you will die for this country rather than let it be overtaken, as well as logically determine who you want leading the country, you should absolutely be able to drink alcohol. This is the easiest argument to make and there is not much of a counterpoint to contradict this specifically. A similar argument is that an eighteen-year-o ld is tried as an adult in court. Someone who is capable of making essentially every other decision in their life as an adult suddenly cannot decide whether they should drink or not. Logically, having one outlier like this does not make sense. It is a hypocritical stance and there simply should not be this disparity in age. A counterpoint often made here is that a higher drinking age has to do with one’s brain development. The simple fact here is that â€Å"There’s no magic that happens physically toShow MoreRelatedThe Minimum Drinking Age Act1211 Words   |  5 Pages Some people find it hard to understand that at the age of eighteen you can fight and die for your country, but you cannot legally drink or purchase alcoholic beverages. Others find it hard to believe that there are people who want people under the age of twenty-one drinking. The important question is: should the drinking age be lowered to eighteen instead of remaining at twenty-one? The legal drinking age is the age at which a person can consume or purchase alcohol. These laws cover a wide rangeRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act1692 Words   |  7 PagesNational Minimum Drinking Age Act. This act stated that all states must raise their minimum drinking age to 21. Individuals under the age of 21 would now be prohibited from purchasing or being in public possession of any alcoholic beverage. Though not every state was keen on this idea, they all jumped to raise the minimum drinking age due to the government threat that they would lose up to 10% of their federal highway funding if they ignored the request. However, since the National Minimum Drinking AgeRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act Of 19841407 Words   |  6 Pages17 the United States Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984. Signed by President Ronald Regan, which requires that states prohibit people under the age of 21 from purchasing or publicly process alcoholic beverages as a condition of receiving State highway funds. Initially intended as a comprehensive approach to reduce the number of alcohol related deaths on the nations highways. Not prohibiting a person under 21 from drinking under certain exceptions some such as religious purposesRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act Of 19841219 Words   |  5 Pagesand college-aged students. The drinking age should be lowered to 18 because adults can legally marry, begin a career and support a family, as well as serve in the military and prison. Along with these and many other reasons, the rebellious nature for wanting to participate in illegal activities is an immense driving force for why teens and young adults drink illegally. Why is the Minimum Legal Drinking Age 21? State governments decided their own individual drinking age after Prohibition ended in 1933Read MoreProhibition Of The National Minimum Drinking Age Act1376 Words   |  6 Pages1993, the drinking age was set at twenty one but was later lowered to eighteen because of the passage of the 26th amendment which lowered the voting age to eighteen. In order to combat drunk driving, The National Minimum Drinking Age Act was passed and stated that states must raise their drinking age to twenty one or lose 10% of their funds to pay for their highways. The organization MADD (Mother’s Against Drunk Driving) was the group who put pressure on congress to pass The National Minimum DrinkingRead MoreThe National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 Is Not Working738 Words   |  3 Pagesworking. The NMDA, National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which states that people under the age of 21 can’t consume or purchase alcohol, has only served to heighten the problem that is currently being faced. The only realistic way to make real progress while reversing the negative effect the NMDA act has had and is having is to abolish the NMDA act and introduce a new act that establishes different phases to introduce alcohol to minors. In essence, the purpose of the NMDA act was to decrease the numberRead MoreAlcohol And Substance Abuse And The National Minimum Drinking Age Act2083 Words   |  9 Pagesstarted to arise. One being the legal age to start drinking alcohol. The national minimum drinking age act was signed on July 17th, 1984 to the law, with the drinking age at minimum being 21 (Archer M.D.). An adult is any person who’s reached the age of maturity as directed by law (Archer M.D.). Legally, being 18 years old in the U.S. is considered to be the adult age, but the consumption of alcohol has always been withheld from the young adults of today, until the age of 21. When you’re 18 year old, youRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act1700 Words   |  7 Pagesthe National Minimum Drinking Age Act made all 50 states raise the legal drinking age to 21(Dejong). The debate is on whether the age should be lowered or not. Statistically, having the age at 21 has been very helpful in keeping the nation safe. If there is not an issue with age now, would it make sense to lower the age and create unnecessary problems? In this case, the negative effects outweigh the positive. Simply because there is no good in lowering the age. The legal drinking age has been setRead MoreNational Minimum Drinking Age Act Essay719 Words   |  3 PagesIn 1984 the United States Government approved the National Minimum Drinking Age Act that required that â€Å"the States prohibit persons under 21 years of age from purchasing or publicly possessing alcoholic beverages as a condition of receiving State highway funds.† Even though this bill was nowhere near the magnitude of the prohibition act that was passed less than a century before it, the act still damaged the relationship between individuals, firms, and the United States government. Although theRead MoreThe National Minimum Drinking Age Act Of 19841084 Words   |  5 Pagesresponsibilities consuming alcohol at the average age of 18. However , unlike most countries in the world the United States has determined to establish their drinking age to be set at 21 years of age. This antiquated position is unjust to many young American adults. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 should be revised and reconstituted to the legal age of 18. To provide a more suitable America that is secure and reasonable for all young adults. The drinking age needs to be lowered so that it can reduce

Social Justice Paper free essay sample

Christian Morality Gender Discrimination: The Plague of the Era What exactly is gender discrimination? The literal definition goes as follows: When a person is faced with unequal or different treatment based entirely on the victim’s sex or gender (Source: Findlaw. com). This is a serious civil rights offense, and it affects not only women, it’s most common victim, but men, and members of the LGBT community, as well. The most common places that said discrimination takes place are in employment, education, in situations of borrowing or credit issues, and housing. An example of how common this issue is can be found in 2010 when the EEOC, (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission), had found that 30% of its complaints regarded sex discrimination of both women AND men (Source: kmblegal. com). However, many question why gender discrimination is an injustice, while many others simply ignore the subject and claim that it no longer exists. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Justice Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The true problem with this topic, as Julie Mullens states, is that â€Å"It results in millions of tragedies, which add up to lost potential for entire countries. Studies show there is a direct link between a countrys attitude toward women and its progress socially and economically. The status of women is central to the health of a society. If one part suffers, so does the whole† (Source: childreninneed. org). As stated in the quote above, gender discrimination, not just of women, but of others, takes a direct toll on the victims, as well as nationally, and on a grander scale: world-wide. Victims outside of America, particularly women, face issues such as dowry which is payment to the groom’s family for taking in a wife, even though it can be portrayed as carrying a burden for another woman in the family; neglect, infanticide and sex-selective abortion, abuse, forced labor, and sex trafficking (Source: childreninneed. org). Julie Mullens’ quote proves that this not only takes a physical and emotional toll on the victims, but within the social and economical structures of society. Without the people who are discriminated in our lives; men, women, and others, we are literally nothing. A recent example of said gender discrimination occurred in San Francisco, California, in September of last year. A United States judge refused a Wal-Mart in the area to ignore a discrimination case from women plaintiffs regarding payment and promotion issues based on gender. The case was closed after the Wal-Mart attorney, Theodore Boutrous Jr. , said such claims could not be true due to Wal-mart’s no-toleration policy regarding gender discrimination. However, considering a similar law suit was reported in Texas, the attorney supporting the women, Brad Seligman, is becoming suspicious about Wal-mart’s â€Å"policies†. Source: huffingtonpost. com) This case perfectly displays why gender discrimination is such a problem. For example, this injustice, for the case, was continued because the claims of these women were rejected after Wal-mart’s rebuttal regarding its policies. Considering society is more favoring of men than women, often leading to patriarchy, t his is a perfect example of discrimination continues. In this case, the discrimination not only lies in the fault of Wal-Mart itself, but also in the court disregarding the claims of these female workers. The final question is: how exactly can this injustice be brought to an end? In the United States, gender and sex discrimination is a direction violation of Tile VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, thus it is best to contact a Civil Rights Attorney or your lawyer. Other laws that prohibit this discrimination include The Equal Credit Opportunity Act, The Fair Housing Act, The Equal Pay Act of 1963, The Family and Medical Leave Act, and many more (Source: findlaw. com). However, for world-wide society to change as a whole, one thing can prevail and offer change: education.

Curriculum Development Paper

Curriculum development is a well structured plan of the subjects to be taught in school and what is being learned by students as is reflected in the courses that are offered for study and the programme in school. This systematic plan is then embedded in an official documentary or put together as a curriculum guide and then disseminated to the interest groups and key stake-holders in the education sector for the purposes of implementation and strict adherence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Curriculum Development Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A curriculum has to be made mandatory and not a choice. The curriculum discussed in this paper is very specific and follows the formula 6-3-3-4.These curriculum has been developed to reflect the changing scenarios in the world today and the dynamics in the job market. Currently the kind of curriculum followed will go along way in determining the quality of workforce being produced and will too affect the economic advancement of a country. A nation build on strong education or school system will be well managed and its base will always be on a sound footing (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.6-30). Some countries have very comprehensive curriculum development and education system such as the one used in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is one of the countries with very high literacy levels in the world today which stands at 62.8%. The percentages of males who are literate stand at 71.5% while that of female stands at 50.2%. The system of segregation in terms of the sexes is followed in Saudi with the education system being divided into three distinct parts which are usually administered separately. Important to note is that both the boys and girls usually do the same exams.The curriculum in Saudi Arabia follows the technical-scientific approach. The distinctions of the education administration include the education specific for boys, for the girls and also the traditional education which is muslim oriented.The curriculum followed in the country constitute 6 years in the primary school with the age of the students being 6-12 years, then intermediate schooling at the age of 12-15 years which takes 3years at most. After the intermediate the student proceeds to secondary school which again takes 3 years at the gae of 15-18years. Students at secondary school level can choose the general school, religious school or the technical secondary. After the secondary school the curriculum of Saudi Arabia stipulates that a student proceeds to for higher education at the university which takes 4 years at the age of above 18years.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After the higher education at the university, there is the university –higher education where one can persue masters which takes 2 years, general diploma in the department of education w hich takes 1 year or do PhD which takes 3 years following a qualification for a masters degree and where one has to present a dissertation which should be based on own and independent work on research (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.40-57) The 6-3-3-4 curriculum identified in this paper is reflective of the one for Saudi Arabia but distinct. It is embedded and undertaken in the following way. The system is usually administered separately for each of the four stages involved and no segregation by sexes as both boys and girls are taught in same classes and environment. The first six years involves children aged between six to twelve years. These will be called primary school in which upon completion a student will be awarded a leaving certificate called the general certificate for primary education. The curriculum will incorporate subjects like English, Kiswahili, art education, history, Christian religious education, home economics, geography, mathematics, basic agriculture, social educ ation ethics and science. The grade attained will depend on how a student passes the exams administered at the end of the six years and the grade will also determine the kind of school the student will get admitted for the post-primary education. The six years of primary school will be administered in rural areas, sub-urban and also in urban areas. It will therefore be mandatory all over the country as it will be under the supervision of the provincial and district education officials. A class in primary school will not exceed forty students and not less than ten. Two teachers who have graduated from a primary teachers training college must oversee one class although teachers available will teach different subjects for the different classes. The purpose and objective of the curriculum provided in primary school is to prepare the students for the post-primary education and also to enable them have knowledge of different languages (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.62-80) After completing t he primary school education, a student will proceed to the intermediate school. The duration at intermediate school is three years and the age of the child is twelve to fifteen years. A certificate will be awarded upon successful completion of the intermediate school which is the intermediate certificate.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Curriculum Development Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The intermediate guide has provision for subjects like English, Kiswahili, mathematics, history, geography, home economics, Christian religious education, agriculture, social education ethics and also science. The grade level is given upon the successful pass of the examination administered after the three years. The objective of the intermediate school curriculum is to put more emphasis on the knowledge acquired at the primary school and in so doing prepare the students for the secondary education. Secondary school w ill involve students going to different categories of schools such as national, provincial, district and also day schools. The admission to these schools will depend on how well a student passes the intermediate school exam with those who perform well securing themselves places in national schools and down to the day schools for those who perform dismally. Teachers at this level are also those who have graduated from the primary school teachers training colleges. The number of the students in the intermediate school will depend on the available infrastructure such as classrooms and also teacher to the student ratio. Like the primary level education, these too will be offered in the whole country regardless of the settings such as urban, rural or sub-urban. The schools will be under the supervision of the ministry of basic education representatives at the provincial and district levels. The ministry will also cater for the employees in schools who too are crucial for the smooth imple mentation of the curriculum provided. The employees are such as the accountant, cleaners, store keeper and also the cooks (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.41-60). After the intermediate school a student will proceed to the secondary school. There are various categories of secondary schools in this curriculum all of them taking a duration of three years with the age of the students being fifteen to eighteen years. The first is the general secondary school which has a curriculum outline with subjects such as English, Kiswahili, mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics, history, geography, building construction and art education.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Note that those who score above 60% in the examinations administered at the end of the three years will be eligible for admission to higher education institutions i.e. universities to pursue courses in sciences while those scoring below 60% will opt for literary courses or humanities. They will also get a certificate. The objective of the curriculum development in the general secondary school is to identify students’ capabilities and the subjects which they can consider as they choose their future careers. The second kind of secondary school is the religious school. The curriculum for the religious school outline includes such subjects like history, geography and Christian religious education with those who are successful getting a certificate called religious secondary school certificate. They too qualify to persue university education in social sciences and theology. The other type of secondary school is the technical/vocational school. The students admitted will be mostly those who perform poorly in the intermediate school. At the technical institutions they will be able to acquire skills in carpentry, masonry, computer studies, driving and other vocational courses. At the end of the training they will then be awarded a diploma in vocational training certificate. Except for the technical training institutes the secondary school teachers will be those who have graduated from the university on the field of education and who have majored in specific subject line (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.112-153). Those who successfully complete the general and religious secondary education will proceed to the university for further studies which take four years except for courses such as medicine, veterinary medicine, engineering, clinical sciences and pharmacy that take between five and seven years. The age of the students is eighteen and above. The curriculum here includes courses such as accounting, economics, business, humanities, social sciences, public adminis tration, law, arts and environment just to mention a few.The objective of the university education is to give students career skills for the purposes of working in the different areas of specialization. Graduates of higher education will now be eligible for employment as professionals in the publc service, private sector or can choose to go to private practice. Teachers at this level are the lecturers with higher qualifications such as masters or PhD. After the four years of higher education one can choose to also go for the university-higher education to pursue masters and PhD (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.170-200). There is usually two curriculum development approaches, the technical-scientific and non-technical non-scientific. The curriculum developed in my school is reflective of the technical-scientific or systematic approach where by the objectives of the curriculum are set, plans for the curriculum are then drawn and applied and finally the outcome of the whole process or the product is measured using the set available measuring options. The role of the political arena participants in the curriculum development is to lobby the community for public meetings for the purposes of creating awareness about the curriculum. They also play a role in creating legislation to anchor the curriculum in law and therefore giving it a lawful backing for the purposes of thorough implementation and adoption. The students also play a critical role in the curriculum development by giving their views on what they want incorporated in the curriculum. They also have a role in enlightening others who may not understand the curriculum development procedure. Students also ensure that their teachers adhere to the set guidelines and that they don’t divert them from the set standards and the textbooks recommended. The teachers play a role in implementing the curriculum in terms of contents and the books they use for the various subjects. Principal’s role cannot be over- emphasized as they are the overall overseers in schools to ensure that the curriculum development takes effect by supervising the students and teachers and follow up on the recommendations. Curriculum experts on the other hand have the professional knowledge on curriculum development and will therefore play the role of guiding the other stake-holders and interest groups. Assistant super intended’s role in the school is to ensure the superintended is well briefed on the curriculum development, implementation and the challenges that are encountered. The superintended role is to advice on areas that need his/her guidance and too ensure that the curriculum development takes off on a smooth start. Those outside the school district will play the role of ensuring checks and balances on those bend on ruining a process which is noble and ended for success (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.205-242). In conclusion, I do favour the technical-scientific approach to curriculum development as it ’s the case in Saudi Arabia. Only those who have expertise in curriculum development are involved in coming up with the structure of the curriculum contrary to what is seen in non-technical non-scientific where by students, teachers and the community are involved. This approach has its objectives which are well outlined and a plan which is put in place for undertaking of the curriculum development and also some measurement stick on product or outcome (Hunkins, Ornstein, 2009, pp.330-360). Reference Hunkins, F Ornstein, A. (2009).Curriculum foundation,principles,and issues. Washington, DC: Allyn and Bacon press. This essay on Curriculum Development Paper was written and submitted by user Stella Horne to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

William the Conqueror and The Harrying of the North

William the Conqueror and The Harrying of the North The Harrying of the North was a campaign of brutal violence carried out in the north of England by King William I of England, in an attempt to stamp his authority on the region. He had recently conquered the country, but the north had always had an independent streak and he wasnt the first monarch to have to quell it; he was, however, to be famed as one of the most brutal. A question remains though: was it as brutal as legend has it, and can documents reveal the truth? The Problem of the North In 1066, William the Conqueror seized the crown of England thanks to victory at the Battle of Hastings and a brief campaign which led to the public submission of the country. He consolidated his hold in a series of campaigns which were effective in the south. However, north England had always been a wilder, less centralized place – earls Morcar and Edwin, who fought in the 1066 campaigns on the Anglo-Saxon side, had one eye on northern autonomy. William’s initial attempts to establish his authority there, which included three journeys around with an army, castles built and garrisons left, had been undone by multiple rebellions- from English earls to lower ranks- and Danish invasions. The Harrying of the North William concluded that harsher measures were needed, and in 1069 he marched up again with an army. This time he engaged in a protracted campaign euphemistically known now as the Harrying of the North. In practice, this involved sending troops out to kill people, burn buildings and crops, smash tools, seize wealth and devastate large areas. Refugees fled north and south, from the killing and the resultant famine. More castles were built. The idea behind the slaughter was to show conclusively that William was in charge, and that there was no one else who could come and aid anyone thinking of rebelling. It was around the same time that William stopped trying to integrate his followers into the existing Anglo-Saxon power structure, and decided on a full-scale replacement of the old ruling class with a new, loyal, one, another act which he would be infamous for in the modern age. The level of damage is very heavily disputed. One chronicle states there were no villages left between York and Durham, and it’s possible large areas were left uninhabited. The Domesday Book, created in the mid-1080s, may still show traces of the damage in the large areas of ‘waste’ in the region. However, there are modern, competing theories which argue that, given just three months during winter, William’s forces could not have caused as much carnage as they’re normally accused, and might instead have been probing for known rebels in secluded places, and the result was more a rapier thrust than a smashing of any and everyone. William was criticized for his methods of controlling England, particularly by the Pope, and the Harrying of the North might have been the event these complaints were chiefly about. It’s worth noting that William was both a man capable of this cruelty, but also concerned about his judgment in the afterlife, which led him to richly endow the church because of events like the Harrying. Ultimately, we will never know how much damage was caused and how you read William was other events becomes important. Orderic Vitalis Perhaps the most famous account of the Harrying comes from Orderic Vitalis, who began: â€Å"Nowhere else had William shown such cruelty. Shamefully he succumbed to this vice, for he made no effort to restrain his fury and punished the innocent and the guilty. In his anger he commanded that all crops and herds, chattels and food of every kind should be bought together and burned to aches with consuming fire, so that the whole region north of the Humber might be stripped of all means of sustenance. In consequence so serious a scarcity was felt in England, and so terrible a famine fell upon the humble and defenceless populace, that more than 100,000 Christian folk of both sexes, young and old alike, perished of hunger.† - Huscroft, The Norman Conquest, p. 144. The death toll cited is exaggerated. He went on to say: â€Å"My narrative has frequently had occasions to praise William, but for this act which condemned the innocent and guilty alike to die by slow starvation I cannot commend him. For when I think of helpless children, young men in their prime of life, and hoary grey beards perishing alike of hunger, I am so moved to pity that I would rather lament the griefs and sufferings of the wretched people than make a vain attempt to flatter the perpetrator of such infamy.† Bates, William the Conqueror, p. 128.

Diversity on Campus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Diversity on Campus - Essay Example According to these scholars, discrimination against women diminishes in institutions that have their representation above 30% while racial discrimination diminishes with a representation of about 7% of the minority race. Other determinants of diversity include verbal communication and sexual orientation. The significance given to diversity in campuses arouses the question of whether diversity plays a crucial role in determining the outcome in students. Proponents of diversity associate diversity in campuses to educational benefits. Borrowing from psychology, Milem et al. (3) argue that a diverse setting, different from that back at home, provides discontinuity from the home environment. This enhances students’ identity and cognitive development. It further increases the chances of students completing their courses because of the diversity in such a campus which reduces the feeling of strangeness. On the other hand, homogeneous institutions replicate the expectations and social life of students’ home communities thus impeding intellectual development due to lack of new challenges. Diversity in campuses has been noted to promote a social environment which if used as an educational tool would promote diverse learning and development among students. Winkle-Wagner and Locks (22) give a psychological explanation to this arguing that if minority opinions are acknowledged in a group, it stimulates cognitive complexity among the majority. Issues of social concern such as death penalty would elicit diverse opinions based on the difference in ethnicity and religious backgrounds. As such, the minority opinions cause the student group in general to think an issue in diverse ways which could cause a different perspective of understanding the issue for the greater good of the group. Therefore, the minority influence should be appreciated and utilized to benefit the larger group in their learning and development. This way, the students that go through diverse cam puses get equipped with the necessary skills to survive in a democratic society where diverse ideas and opinions are appreciated. Finally, it would be appreciated that diversity economically empowers the disadvantaged students, thus closing the gap between the poor and the rich. Financial barriers lock out a majority of bright but needy students from higher learning. Therefore, providing financial aid to students from poor socioeconomic backgrounds provides them with opportunities available to the students from more affluent backgrounds (Winkle-Wagner and Locks 22). This interaction provides an opportunity for the two classes of students to interact and bridge the gap between the poor and the rich. Furthermore, it provides the needy students with an opportunity to access education like their peers from well-off families hence making them equally competitive in the job market. This in turn empowers then economically. Despite these arguments for diversity in campuses, opponents argue out that diversity does not necessarily imply greater benefit to the students. Diverse campuses present challenges that could end up negatively impacting on students. In as much as a diverse campus would have all the groups represented in its student population, there remains a group that still would be the majority, most likely the natives of where the

Building Certification Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Building Certification - Coursework Example The fact that this building is a type IIA construction means that the elements of the building have to be fire rated. Here is a summary of my findings and a conclusion later on the certification of this particular building.This load might vary with there being greater concentration at certain areas as compared to other areas. However, a balance is needed and can be created by having adequate means of Egress. Here is my finding on the occupant load of the building.The capacity of Egress components like the main door way capacity as well as the other entrances and exits capacities have to be standard. This particular building has several exits/entrances. The main entrance is 120 inches wide while the other two side entrances are 72 inches wide each. Occupant load of the whole floor = load of Multipurpose Room + offices + classrooms + shops + lab load capacityThese exits have to be balanced. The table below represents the standard occupant load factor.According to the standards set, the building has good egress as well as occupant load capacity. These are well distributed and the exits are sufficient to cater and allow for efficient evacuation of the building in case of an emergency.Though there is no automatic sprinkler system, the designs of the hallways as well as their capacity can handle a fire eventuality well. The load capacity of the building is balanced to the different rooms as well as the entrances. With the basic conditions met, there is no reason not to award the certificate. I therefore award a certificate.

Equality and Diversity in Employment

Equality and Diversity in Employment Equality and Diversity in Employment. (1) In analysis of the ‘Thirst Burst’ case study there are a number of different issues facing the company. First, Thirst Burst as a company, is in a high-pressure setting in trying to achieve its vision of becoming the UK’s largest retail juice outlet. This vision creates great stress not only for the upper management but for all employees as well. This pressure stems from the competitive nature needed to achieve such results along with the uncertainties that are involved whenever a company searches to expand. In acquiring a new distribution plant, Thirst Burst also faced the challenge of assimilating the plant to work under the production standards and guidelines of its existing plants. Along with the acquisition of the brick and mortar, Thirst Burst also acquired the previous employees of this company. This led Thirst burst to have to educate the new employees on how business is handled under Thirst Burst and also the employee dynamic of these new employees were different from the usual makeup of Thirst Employees. This caused Thirst Burst to have to change its ways to accommodate the diversity of the employees. In efforts to increase the managerial staff Thirst Burst chose to keep costs down and promote from within. However, with the changing dynamics of the Thirst Burst employees, this is counter productive in that the great deal of existing employees fell under the general makeup of being white and male. Thereby deterring efforts to diversify all aspects of its business.The creation of a training and development program also slowed the need for diversity, as it gave managers the ability to recruit based on the guidance of, â€Å"ask anyone you regard as suitable and whom you think would fit in.† Since white male largely held management positions, the recruitment was largely steered in that direction and also discouraged other groups from taking part, for example females. Uncertainties in management led to high employee turnover rates and even to claims of discrimination by some employees when faced with tests that were only set in English, a language that was not the employees’ first spoken. Also, the newly integrated employees who were of different racial makeup created turmoil among existing employees who claimed that these employees did not integrate with the existing employees. The offset in employee satisfaction was even more evident after the October 2001 food scare, which caused a decline in sales along with the number of new job applicants. The food scare also created great tension within Thirst Burst, especially in health and safety procedures. This led to bias and irrational decisions made by management to create a controlled atmosphere among employees. However the choices made by management were focused more on individuals than on the entire field of employees and thus created a great level of unnecessary disdain between management and individual employees. The turn of events that followed led management to give this employee great warning about her apparel and when the employee refused to heed to these warnings citing religious belief and that other employees wore similar apparel that went without scrutiny by management. What followed were efforts to single out this employee for her action and management forced a ring of solidarity upon her, which e ventually tied into her becoming ill and led her to take a case to tribunal claiming discrimination. (2) The use of an equality and diversity oriented approach can ease some of the problems facing Thirst Burst. First, the more diverse an organization is facilitates its ability to attract, retain and maximize the utilization of the people from those diverse backgrounds. (Hollinshead, Nicholls, Tailby; 1999) Foreign employees are best understood in light of a diverse organization, also the diverse organization is best equipped to serve a diverse external clientele. Next, creativity thrives on diversity as a multicultural organization displays higher creativity and innovation. Another resource in diverse organizations is the ability to problem solve at a greater rate of resolution, which would have had a desirable effect in calming the food scare and the handling of individual employees afterwards. Research shows that such catastrophic disasters as the Bay of Pigs fiasco, the Challenger Explosion, and the My Lai Massacre are all examples of extreme consequences of groupthink that occurred in highly cohesive, homogenous groups. (Kandola, Fullerton; 1998) For example the homogenous group of white males that dominate the management positions at Thirst Burst. The promotion of diversity at Thirst Burst is not just about dealing with different races and nationalities working together but instead is about celebrating and promoting the differences brought to the workplace by each individual. This requires organizations to adapt to the cultural differences and sociological changes. This carries two-fold for an organization. It places an internal need to make everyone feel comfortable and valued, to where everyone is fully supported to contribute and develop within the organization. On the other side, it is necessary for the organization to adapt to the changing marketplace as diversity becomes more widely dispersed and the homogeneity declines. (Bingham; 2000) (3) In terms of legal and ethical considerations Thirst Burst can be faced with a number of potential problems. One problem that Thirst Burst may face as a largely dominant white male workplace as diversity is integrated is ethnocentricity. Which causes majority group members to view their own group as the right and best group and to evaluate the majorities beliefs, behaviors and values as more positive and correct over those of minorities. Also under such factors the minority groups are more prone to place complaints and grievances that will take time and costs by the company to resolve and counteract the productivity within the company. Diversity can also produce cultural clashes and stereotyping among the different groups of workers. A movement towards diversity may potentially polarize different social groups, harming productivity, while breeding cynicism and resentment. However if management can correctly correlate the different working cultures the result should be the enhancement of work relationships and work team effectiveness. However, the lack of effective diversity management may have diverse setbacks among diverse workgroups creating miscommunications, longer decision times, lower member morale and lower team cohesiveness, which will adversely reduce creativity, innovation, and problem solving. Conflict also results more frequently among diverse groups than in homogenous groups and when conflict does arise, majority group members see an incident of racioethnic injustice as isolated, while minorities view the event as part of a pattern of oppression that is imbedded in the social system. (Wirth, 2001) Problems that specifically effect Thirst Burst are its dominant white male workforce and the problems that entails in taken on a family based Asian company with a different ethical makeup. Also in its recruitment process it is not diversifying but rather recruiting from the same homogenous pool that already largely makes up the company. Also when promoting managerial staff the decisions were left to the managers that were already in place and research shows that majority parties are strongly tiered to promote sameness in the workplace. Thirst Burst also must now face discrimination suits for being partial to certain groups and their religious and ethical beliefs. Largely trying to make an example of the woman wearing the Kara, she refused and pointed out that many other employees wore rings but these employees were not told to remove their jewelry and the women was transferred to the packaging department. This department is extremely cold and she was the employee required to work there for entire shifts. The result, the woman fell to illness and was signed off sick. (4) The actions and approaches that Thirst Burst should make in context of equality and diversity are as follows. First Thirst Burst must define what is the point of view from both parties. This will allow for the identification of what particular behaviors are creating the conflict, how each party feels about the conflict, and what messages are being given. Next Thirst Burst must be considerate of the cultural influences that are pressuring each party to act in a certain way. From this Thirst Burst must evaluate approaches that will enable the company to accommodate the set of values bestowed by each party and not be deterred by the set of values that are most present from the majority group. From this Thirst Burst must find a solution that benefits both parties. This can occur when the company recognizes and accepts each side’s cultural values and is willing to explore different sets of ideals that will benefit all parties within the company. (Bingham; 2000b.) The goal of Thirst Burst must be to treat people as individuals and not paying attention solely to the differences among the groups. The problem with noting the differences is that largely the group in the minority is made to assimilate into the ideals of that of the majority with very few exceptions. A key factor to promoting diversity in the workforce is also to diversify upper management as well. Where tendencies hold to absorb new members and encourage them to adopt and adapt to the central culture of upper management. (Kandola, Fullerton; 1998b.) In all, Thirst Burst must value diversity by not trying to eliminate cultural differences, for example taking heed to the various religious holidays different groups are witness to. (Bingham; 2000c.) Diversity must play a role in the overall strategic business objective of Thirst Burst, where such a program can become lost in the mix if it is a separate strategy away from the core objectives of the company. Therefore, diversity goals mu st be linked to business goals and be a trait that is taken serious and not just matching the requirements of Affirmative Action and EEO programs. (5) â€Å"Managing Diversity† simply put means the effort and attention put forth by managers and other employees upon the diversity among the workforce and how each efficiently and effectively responds towards the challenges created by this diversity. There are key goals that any organization choosing to commit to the concept of managing diversity must adhere to. First, the workplace must contain an atmosphere that allows each individual can feel comfortable working effectively despite one’s cultural differences. Next, have an organization where each member can have a sense of personal achievement and are allowed to use their full potential to contribute towards the organization. Finally, making the most of the benefits of diversification including attracting the best available human talent, the penetration of more enhanced marketplaces and the workforce is better suited to serve a more diverse external clientele. Beyond that a diverse organization has a better underst anding of the political, social, legal, economic and cultural environment of foreign countries. Internally, a diverse workforce displays higher levels of creativity and innovation as ‘creativity thrives on diversity’. Research has shown that organizations that diversify their workforce are more adept at problem solving. Lastly, these same organizations are much better suited at adapting to change and consequently handle more organizational flexibility. (Kirton, Greene; 2000) In search of creating a work environment that best suits managers and employees as individuals a number of key pieces of legislation have been created in the UK over the last 35 years: In 1970, the Equal Pay Act gave individuals a right to the same contractual pay and benefits as a person of the opposite sex in the same employment, where the work duties shared are the same. In 1975, the Sex Discrimination Act prohibits sex discrimination against individuals in the areas of employment and education and in the disposal of management of premises. The 1976 Race Relations Act made it unlawful to treat a person less favorably than another on racial grounds, covering the areas of race, color, nationality, and origin. The 1995 Disability Discrimination Act prohibits discrimination against the disabled in areas of employment, the provision of goods, facilities, services and premises, education; and provides for regulations to improve access to public transport to be made. In 1999 the Sex Discrimination Regulations became a measure to prevent discrimination against transsexual people on the grounds of sex in pay and treatment in employment and vocational training. An amendment was made in 2000 to the Race Relations Act, outlawing discrimination and victimization in all public authority functions not previously covered by the Act. Another amendment was made in 2003 to the 1976 Race Relations Act. The new regulations extend protection from discrimination on the grounds of race and ethnic or national origins. These apply in the fields of employment and training, social protection and social advantage, education, the provision of goods, facilities and services, and housing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   These pieces of legislature are vital to the success of organizational diversity as each plays a role in creating an element that values the individual and the individual’s values. Thirst Burst is committed to surpassing all levels of diversity awareness by providing a workplace that cherishes the differences each individual provides. These differences will become the new image of Thirst Burst providing a workplace where many different people will be able to provide many different ideas, with idea follows innovation and with innovation comes the success of this organization. Our goals are to expand into a broader market with a more diverse clientele and to meet diversity with our own sophistication of diversity within our organization. Thirst Burst will seek to accomplish this â€Å"Management of Diversity† through a number of various resources. Thirst Burst will place a great emphasis in HR to impartial recruiting, training and development, and performance appraisal. We will seek to create a more heterogeneous environment in race, ethnicity, and nationality. Establish accountability and measurement systems. Improve education, especially among management in valuing differences. Promote knowledge and acceptance of cultural differences and take advantage of the opportunities that management provides. Lastly, to creative a very positive mindset internally and externally about diversity. As Thirst Burst employees, know you comfort and achievement is our success! We look forward to a continually progressive relationship with each and every one of you on into the future!   Bibliography Kirton, G. and Greene, A-M. (2000) The Dynamics of Managing Diversity: a critical approach. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann Kandola, A. and Fullertonj, J. (1998) Managing the Mosaic: Diversity in Action. 2nd Edition. London, Institute of Personnel and Development Bingham C (ed) (2000) Valuing Diversity Management Best Practice: No 78 The Industrial Society Hollinshead G., Nicholls P., Tailby S., (1999) Employee Relations, Financial Times, Pitman Publishing Wirth L., (2001) Breaking Through the Glass Ceiling: Women In Management. Geneva, International Labour Office Internet Sites www.law.cam.ac.uk www.disability.gov.uk/legislation www.people.hbs.edu/dthomas/diversity.html

Frosts Desert Places Essay -- Robert Frost Poem Poetry essays researc

Desert Places   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the poem Desert Places by Robert Frost, the author describes the scenery in which he came across with. It was on a winter day, and the day was turning into a night. As he went across a field, he saw that the ground was almost all covered in snow. But then he noticed a few weeds and stubble on the ground.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the first line, Frost talks about how the night falling fast. This is referring to how fast Frost felt concerning time, which went by fast in real life. At the end of the line, Frost added two simple words which seems to add a sense of desperation, or even a sense of hopelessness, to the whole idea of time going by fast. The words â€Å"oh, fast† seem to show that although Frost did not like it, but there was nothing he could do or change about it. Time will ...

Case Study Of Elektra Products, Inc. Essay

The Elektra Products Inc has faced the problem: market share was declining in competition of foreign and domestic area; new products ideas were few and far; morale was low at all time and employees were actively seeking new jobs. Because they are disenchanted by the current culture and they may see management as untrusted in their abilities. Barbara Russel, a manufacturing vice president has been assigned by Martin Griffin, Elektra’s new CEO who very recently made the challenge: â€Å"As we face increasing competition, we need new ideas, new energy, new sprit to make this company great. An the source for this change is you – each of you†, to lead a team which will implement a plan to change management style to a decentralized organization than encourage employee empowerment in management processing. Ms Russell forms an active team that work hard to achieve management change. And Ms Russell would allow employees to make decision suitable at their positions. When the Mr Griffin is not participate in meeting the department heads’ responses are not workable. The resistance is happen at the middle level management when implementation is done. In answering first sub-question of the question no 1 of â€Å"How might top management have done a better job changing Elektra products into a new kind of organization?†, we would like to express that top management could have included the middle and lower level managers,  and the employees in the teams. The team should have received instruction on the concept behind â€Å"empowerment†, and how the objective was to have employees at all levels taking responsibility for decision making, at that level, and accepting responsibility for the results. And letting them understand that positive attitude is needed in every step and every task to be done, is practically motivated on the other hand. For second sub-question of the question no 1 of â€Å"what might they do now to get the empowerment process back on track?†, it is no doubt that getting the program back on track, Mr Griffin needs to bring managers and employees at all levels into the teams, after all involved have learned what the new management approach entails. And assigning the tast of â€Å"quick and easy to win† to every team support them in gaining the motivation. In answer of question no 2 of â€Å" Can you think of ways Barbara could have avoided the problems her team faced in the meeting with department heads ? † we would like to answer that Ms Russel could avoided the problems her team face by including the department heads in her team, and charging them with identifying the challenge and obstacles to high performance in their departments. She also should have required them to apply this approach to all levels in their departments. Empowerment management means granting authority to subordinates. Her team actually tried to â€Å"empower† lower level management without including them in the solution. In answering the question no 3 of â€Å" If you were barbara Russell, what would you do now ? Why?† If I were Barbara Russell, I would push slowly to reform and work for gradual support from the other teams and I would support Martin to realize the problems with inter-departmental communication that exist at Elektra’s product as he may not have been with the company for long enough a period of time. Encouraging Martin to meet with each department head in advance and try to collect information about the corporate culture and each department head’s opinion of his empowerment campaign and so, he might have had a  better idea as to how he should implement his reforms. Second, by having each team membership consist of only one  department, each team habitually brought their ideas for each department to change and that did nothing to contribute to the poor departmental communication.  The most important things for Barbara to do is to communicate to Martin the existing problems concerning communication and trust between departments. Barbara’s other choices, to p ush ahead with grim determination while the CEO remains ignorant to the real cultural standard, is doomed to failure if for no other reason than that Barbara has no definitive clout among the rest of upper management, and thus not enough weight to throw around to effect change. She could try to make new teams or to debate the proposals of her team, but she may not carry enough authority to lead the other departments in such an action. Such actions could inevitably strain the current inter-departmental communications further and may not provide any positive results without lots of hard work. Once Martin is made aware of the poor communication relationships that currently exist, steps can be made to attack the problem from a different angle. Barbara, by confronting Martin on these issues, serves  herself and the campaign by showing her supervisor that she is both interested in his idea and its success and by providing Martin with necessary insight into the corporate culture that he may have yet to fully realize. As a CEO who’s main function is to please the stock holders of this publicly traded company, Martin should value the information Barbara can provide him as it would serve to both increase his plan’s potential for success and to please his bosses. Once he is made aware of the current situation, Martin will  have a better grasp on just what the problems are that exist at Elektra’s product and how to solve them. As the CEO, Martin should take a strong management stance and exert his power over the department heads by clearly  demarking the chain of command. Done effectively, Martin would thus have established among upper management that his ideas will be implemented and that it would be wise to support him in the campaign. This can be done by simply repeating his credos among the employees, by being very clear on his ideas, and by encouraging open discourse among the levels of upper management. This serves to not only define the company goals but to instill a new sense of purpose among the employees through strong leadership. Next, Martin needs to regroup the initial project teams so that each team consists of a variety of employees from different departments. Having employees from different departments actually work with and speak to each other is the first step to eventually tearing down the communication barriers that currently exist in the company. This  methodology serves other useful purposes as well. As well, by having a team make-up that is cross-departmental, when teams present their ideas there will no longer exist a â€Å"you against us† attitude. At this point it would be nice to know more about Martin and  his history in the corporate world, and the relationship between Barbara and Simon. With this knowledge, it becomes possible to study Martin’s management style and track record so that more definitive conclusions can be drawn concerning what he should do. As well, knowing how Barbara and Simon relate can offer guidelines to how Barbara may be able to use Simon as an information tool for gauging employee’s opinions regarding the empowerment campaign and the corporate culture in general. This is just the first step towards launching Martin’s empowerment campaign and turning the company into a motivated, profitable entity. Much work has yet to be done to ensure that Electra-Quik even has a chance of becoming a market leader again, although Marti n is correct in his desires to change the corporate culture.

Don t Make Your Mind Movie An Academy Award Performance...

If you daydream, get lost in a good book or movie, become enraptured by a beautiful sunset or piece of music-or get wrapped up in a championship sports event, then you have become en-tranced and have entered into and shifted your brain s waves into a state of alpha known also as a trance state in Hypnosis. The difference is--is that Hypnosis (an all Hypnosis is self-hypnosis) is directed with a focus of intention towards a specific state of mind or a goal. Rather than being directed purely by an outside force, you are the director of your mind movie. So why not make your mind movie an Academy Award Performance Hopefully you have read the previous blog on what Hypnosis is and isn t so you can more fully understand the wonderful power of your subconscious mind and mindfully direct it towards the creation of your best and authentic life. So what is your intention? Do you want to Relax, Renew or Rejuvenate? Do you want to tap into your powerful and creative mind? Do you want to create change in a certain area of your life? Do you want to connect with Source Energy-- *I believe that Hypnosis is the first cousin of Meditation, and you can easily make a shift to a meditative state of mind, and let your Buddha nature arise to greet you! With your intention set: 1. Find a quiet place where you will not be disturbed-this is your sacred time and space. Deeply realize that your well being is all important 2. Allow your eyes to rest and to close. (SomeShow MoreRelatedHow Animation Can Bring The Dullest Of The Features And Bring It3253 Words   |  14 Pageshighly pixelated none the less this effect was revolutionary. The CGI on this film was basically a composite of 2D images that was purposely pixelated (5). Westworld made enough to actually make a sequel three years later. Futurewolrd is not the same as Westworld. In 1976 Futureworld was the very first movie to have the 3D computer-generated image that appeared on the screen for a brief moment. 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